Themes in disaster risk reduction

Natural environment

• Climate change
  Adaptation benefits, costs, measures, capacity; climate resilience, climate-proofing, climate risk management, climate change as a disaster risk driver.
• Environment and ecosystems
  Deforestation, ecosystems and environmental management, environmental degradation, environmental impact assessment, INRM and land-use.
• Food security and agriculture
  Agricultural micro loans and finance, agricultural risk management, climate smart agriculture, crop distribution, diversified cropping system, food storage capacity, rural land-use planning.
• Water
  Sustainable water resource management, including: drinking water, freshwater, irrigation, preventive protection of drinking water supplies, sanitation, transboundary water management.
  

Human development and inclusion

• Capacity development
  Capability utilization, capacity assessment, capacity development response, individual, community and institutional learning, development planning, training and development, institutional strengthening and development, functional capacities, technical capacities.
• Children and youth
  Child-centred disaster risk reduction, child protection, orphans, information and participation of children and youth, impact of disasters on children and youth.
• Civil society/NGOs
  Civic action, collective community action, community-based organization (CBO) action, grassroots action, integrative DRR, NGOs and PVOs.
• Community-based DRR
  Community vulnerability assessment, community disaster response preparedness, community risk mitigation, local capacity assessment, local risk mapping.
• Cultural heritage
  Heritage conservation, traditional methods, knowledge, know-how, housing; ancient communities coping practices and systems, community resilience mechanisms.
• Gender
  Gender mainstreaming, gendered vulnerability, gender-sensitive disaster risk management.
• Human mobility
  Participation and protection of migrants, refugees, internally displaced people; migration induced by disasters, climate migration, planned relocation.
• Inclusion
  Participation, inclusiveness, empowerment, at-risk populations, including: children, orphans, women, disabled, elderly, homeless, LGBTs, migrants, etc.
• Social impacts and resilience
  Coping capacity, cultural impacts, loss absorption, loss acceptance, loss of livelihood, psychological impacts, psychological support, social vulnerability.

Science knowledge and advocacy

• Advocacy and media
  Advocacy and public awareness raising, disaster risk reporting, public information on disaster risk reduction, risk communication, social media.
• Traditional and Indigenous knowledges
  Indigenous early warning system, local implementation, knowledge, skills, technical knowledge; traditional knowledge, transferable indigenous knowledge.
• Science and technology
  Science-informed initiatives, citizen science, informing policy-making and practice, co-designing, co-producing and co-delivering new knowledge.

State governance and economy

• Economics of DRR
  Disaster damage and loss assessment, funding, financial effects, poverty, socio-economic impacts, cost-benefit analysis, forecast-based financing.
• Fragility and conflict
  Humanitarian crisis, conflict, post-conflict, peacebuilding, violence.
• Governance
  Accountability, empowerment, coordination, policy and legislative framework; regional, national, and local platforms; cross-border collaboration.
• Insurance and risk transfer
  Disaster insurance, re-insurance, catastrophe (CAT) bonds, contingency funding and credit, micro-insurance, loans, reserve funds, disaster risk financing, risk insurance, financial resilience.
• Private sector
  Business partnerships for DRR, civil action and public-private partnership, corporate social responsibility, government and private sector partnership.

Infrastructure and critical services

• Critical infrastructure
  Communications systems and networks, health facilities, emergency evacuation shelters, elements of transportation systems, waste disposal, water supplies.
• Education and school safety
  Disaster prevention education and curricula, education continuity, safe schools, school disaster management.
• Health and health facilities
  Capacity of health practitioners, health facilities and services, preparedness, gender, mental health, psychosocial support, safe hospitals, trauma prevention.
• Structural safety
  Building codes, building standards, building materials, construction, retrofitting.
• Urban risk and planning
  Resilient cities, urban planning, urban management.

Understanding and managing risk

• Disaster risk management
  Mitigation, preparedness, prevention, risk reduction plan, policies and strategies; preparedness and contingency planning, prospective disaster risk management.
• Early warning
  Alert and warning dissemination; end-to-end warning system; monitoring, analysis and forecasting; people-centred early warning system, policies and strategies.
• GIS and mapping
  Geographic information systems, hazard exposure mapping, vulnerability mapping, risk mapping.
• Data and information management
  Data and information exchange standards, databases and information management, portals, knowledge management, networks and communities of practice, ICT.
• Risk identification and assessment
  Hazard assessment, risk assessment; risk modelling; risk analysis process; vulnerability assessment.
• Small Island Developing States
  Small island and developing states (SIDS), Small Islands, coastal resilience.
• Space and aerial technology
  Satellite imagery, earth observation, remote sensing, geospatial technology, UAV, drones, optical and radar imagery, meteorological satellites.
• Systemic risk
  Cascading effects, compound risks, disruption of systems, interconnections, risk governance, feedback loops, interdependencies, tipping points.

Recovery

Recovery
Build back better, humanitarian planning for long-term risk reduction, early recovery, shelter, reconstruction, psycho-social issues for rehabilitation.