Advanced real-time prediction of storms with 30-second refresh
![Forecast weather isobar night map of Asia, wind fronts and temperature vector diagram.](/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_16_9/public/2022-08/weather-forecast.jpg?h=2cf907fb&itok=oAPohOyJ)
A new-generation weather radar and a massive supercomputing system enables forecasts of storms refreshed every 30 seconds, a significant development in severe weather prediction.
Predicting severe weather is challenging because individual clouds have a small scale of several kilometers and can rapidly develop in 5 to 10 minutes. Observing these storms by conventional radars is difficult, let alone resolving them by Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models.
![Four radar reflectivity diagrams.](https://i0.wp.com/eos.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Figure-11-Final-EOS.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1)
Honda et al. [2022] develop a complete real-time workflow of the big data assimilation (BDA) system which exploits big data from 30-second observations taken by a new-generation weather radar and from a high-resolution NWP model. Using a massive supercomputing system, the BDA system successfully performs 30-minute real-time forecasts refreshed every 30 seconds, which is 120 times more frequently than typical operational NWP systems updated every hour. The BDA system presents an important step for designing next-generation NWP systems to predict rapidly changing severe weather in a warm and humid climate.