Guidance note 3: theory of change approach to climate change adaptation programming

Guidance for M&E of climate change interventions:

This Guidance Note describes the Theory of Change (ToC) approach and explains why it is a good fit for climate change adaptation programming. ToC is a critical thinking approach to program design, monitoring, and evaluation which has become increasingly influential in international development. This Note highlights ToC differences with the more familiar logic model / logical framework (‘logframe’) approaches – and also show how they can be used together. It goes on to guide the reader through the steps of a hypothetical ToC exercise, and then comment on how to avoid the disadvantages and pitfalls that can occur when applying this model. It concludes by highlighting a ‘real world’ example of how one agency has used ToC to enhance its work.