Harnessing ecosystem-based adaptation to drive progress on implementing the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework

This report offers consolidated evidence, guidance, and case studies on ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) from the Friends of Ecosystem-based Adaptation (FEBA) network to support the integration of EbA across national strategies and plans for all three Rio Conventions. It also aims to inform the development of revised national biodiversity and climate commitments. While the primary focus is on the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the report also highlights links to other global frameworks, including the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, emphasizing the need for greater coherence across these frameworks.

Key recommendations are as follow:

• Strong evidence base: EbA has robust support with nearly 15 years of evidence across diverse ecosystems in over 50 countries, making it a reliable method for integrating climate and biodiversity actions under global commitments like KMGBF Targets 8 and 11.
• Integrated approach: EbA addresses climate, biodiversity crises, and SDGs, and mainstreaming it into national commitments enhances its effectiveness in tackling biodiversity loss, land degradation, and climate change.
• Greater policy coherence: aligning biodiversity, climate, and land degradation strategies optimizes resource use, supporting national agencies in integrated planning and ensuring financial efficiency.
• Dimensions of equity: focusing on human rFEBA promotes ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) as a tool for climate and biodiversity goals, highlighting its global success and focus on equity, policy alignment, and cross-sector collaboration for sustainable development.ights, gender, and land tenure rights ensures that EbA strategies are fair, sustainable, and socially inclusive for present and future generations.
• Collaboration across sectors: engaging CBD focal points, scientists, national biodiversity agencies, and resource planners in EbA implementation ensures initiatives are well-coordinated, enhancing ecological outcomes.
• Enhancing collaboration: strengthening national policy coherence through partnerships with government agencies, subnational authorities, and non-state actors fosters effective initiatives, leveraging diverse expertise through networks like FEBA.