Risk science offers an integrated approach to resilience

This paper discusses how the modern view of risk can provide an integrated framework for the key aspects of resilience.

The authors argue that risk and resilience should not be arbitrarily separated or managed independently. Instead, they present a framework for risk and resilience that is integrated and holistic. By considering resilience within a risk framework and acknowledging the temporal element of risk, they indicate that both pre- and post-event interventions affect the consequences of an event and are highly interdependent. Only holistic, integrated management can promote efficient use of resources. An integrated approach also enables the use of risk science—with its significant body of literature, tools and methods—to inform and support resilience efforts.