Urban ecosystems management toolkit

This toolkit presents a holistic evaluative framework for ecosystem health assessment and monitoring for urban ecosystems. The framework has been adapted from the Pressure - State - Response framework for conducting ecosystem health assessments of the city to prepare a holistic urban resilience plan which responds to contextualising pressures.

To promote practices for resilient urban ecosystem management, the toolkit identifies sustainable nature-based solutions which will support the cities to respond to changes in the ecosystem better. As a guide for the reader, the framework has been applied in three contexts: a metropolitan ward in Mumbai, Maharashtra (Oshiwara), a peripheral urban city of Vasai Virar, Maharashtra, and an emerging town, Malia Hatina, Gujarat.