By Robin George Andrews
Build a wall
Sea walls, which have been around since at least the time of Ancient Rome, are a popular low-tech option for shielding coastal residents from their destructive power.
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Kill it at sea
Tsunamis race horizontally towards the shore like Slinky toys. If that Slinky can be cut up into pieces as it's moving, it will weaken and dissipate before it arrives. This, it turns out, can be achieved with well-placed islands.
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A very large gun
Artificial islands may not be the only tsunami killers we'll have available in the future. A rather eye-catching 2017 Heliyon paper by Usama Kadri, a lecturer in applied mathematics at Cardiff University, suggested that anti-tsunami cannons could also one day be a reality.
It's all about acoustic-gravity waves. These ultra-low frequency sound waves are generated naturally by things like earthquakes, and it's already been suggested they could act as early warning signals for the tsunamis.
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Vertical and floating shelters
[Tad Murty, adjunct professor at the University of Ottawa] explained that on much of the Indian coast, thousands of "extremely well built," tropical cyclone shelters sit high above the flood line, preventing them from being overwhelmed by surge. Able to accommodate several hundred people, they are used not just for shelter, but as schools, community centres, makeshift hospitals, and more.
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