The unequal effect of temperature on test scores: Evidence from Colombia

This paper investigates the unequal impact of environmental shocks on high-stakes test scores across income levels to document that climate change will exacerbate inequality. 

The researchers show that low-income students systematically score lower than high-income students and also have greater exposure to extreme heat. They demonstrate that extreme temperatures in the week leading up to the exam reduce test scores only for low-income students, indicating one channel through which climate change will exacerbate inequality.