GAR 2015 Main Report

243

Figure 12.12 Population projected to be living under severe water stress by 2050

(Source: OECD, 2012

OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). 2012,OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050: The consequences of Inaction, Paris: OECD Publishing.. .

Figure 12.13 Projected changes in coastal wetland cover in Texas by 2050

(Source: NOAA (http://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/dataregistry/#.)

hectare of coastal wetlands has been estimated at US$33,000 (Constanza et al., 2008

Constanza, R., O. Perez-Maqueo, M.L. Martinez, P. Sutton, S.J. Anderson and K. Mulder. 2008,The value of coastal wetlands for hurricane protection, Ambio, Vol. 37, No. 4: 241-248.. .

Other biodiversity hotspots such as mangrove forests and coral reefs are also degrading at a rapid pace. FAO estimates that the total coastal

mangrove area worldwide declined from 188,000 km2 in 1980 to 152,000 km2 in 2005, a loss of 20 per cent over only 25 years (2007). Coral reefs have been proved to act as buffers to storm surges but are also on the decline. For example, it is estimated that 85 per cent of oyster reefs were

	243 Figure 12.12 Population projected to be living under severe water stress by 2050 (Source: OECD, 2012 x OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). 2012,OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050: The consequences of Inaction, Paris: OECD Publishing.. . .) Figure 12.13 Projected changes in coastal wetland cover in Texas by 2050 (Source: NOAA (http://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/dataregistry/#.) hectare of coastal wetlands has been estimated at US$33,000 (Constanza et al., 2008 x Constanza, R., O. Perez-Maqueo, M.L. Martinez, P. Sutton, S.J. Anderson and K. Mulder. 2008,The value of coastal wetlands for hurricane protection, Ambio, Vol. 37, No. 4: 241-248.. . ). Other biodiversity hotspots such as mangrove forests and coral reefs are also degrading at a rapid pace. FAO estimates that the total coastal mangrove area worldwide declined from 188,000 km2 in 1980 to 152,000 km2 in 2005, a loss of 20 per cent over only 25 years (2007). Coral reefs have been proved to act as buffers to storm surges but are also on the decline. For example, it is estimated that 85 per cent of oyster reefs were	Page 1 Page 10 Page 20 Page 30 Page 40 Page 50 Page 60 Page 70 Page 80 Page 90 Page 100 Page 110 Page 120 Page 130 Page 140 Page 150 Page 160 Page 170 Page 180 Page 190 Page 200 Page 210 Page 220 Page 230 Page 233 Page 234 Page 235 Page 236 Page 237 Page 238 Page 239 Page 240 Page 241 Page 242 Page 243 Page 244 ->Page 245 Page 246 Page 247 Page 248 Page 249 Page 250 Page 251 Page 252 Page 253 Page 254 Page 255 Page 256 Page 257 Page 260 Page 270 Page 280 Page 290 Page 300 Page 310