GAR 2015 Main Report

191

Food security

Food security has improved in recent decades. Since 1990, the global rate of undernourishment has fallen from 18.7 to 11.3 per cent (FAO et al., 2014) and 52 countries have managed to reach the hunger target of the Millennium Development Goals. However, current estimates indicate that more than 800 million people around the world are still chronically undernourished (ibid.), and there are marked differences in progress across regions. Sub-Saharan Africa still has higher rates of undernourishment than other regions, while the situation in West Asia has actually deteriorated (Figure 9.6).

This mixture of progress on the one hand and persistent challenges on the other shows that sustained political commitment, together with major investments in risk-sensitive food production and consumption, will be required if global and sustainable food security is to be achieved (UNISDR, 2013a

UNISDR. 2013a,Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction: From Shared Risk to Shared Value: the Business Case for Disaster Risk Reduction, Geneva, Switzerland: UNISDR.. .

; FAO et al., 2014). In light of processes such as ongoing land degradation, dwindling fresh water supplies, loss of biodiversity

and climate change, the challenges are likely to increase in the future.

Social protection

Social protection has received significant support from international aid budgets. For example, the World Bank alone allocated an average annual budget of US$1.72 billion for social protection between 2007 and 2013 and approved 273 projects in 93 countries with a total value of US$12 billion over the same period.

There are examples of successful initiatives in prospective disaster risk management that have effectively reduced vulnerability by combining disaster risk management with poverty reduction (UNISDR, 2011a

UNISDR. 2011a,Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction: Revealing Risk, Redefining Development, Geneva, Switzerland: UNISDR.. .

; Arnold et al., 2014

Arnold, Margaret, Robin Mearns, Kaori Oshima and Vivek Prasad. 2014,Climate and Disaster Resilience: The Role for Community-Driven Development, Social Development Department. The World Bank and GFDRR. Washington, D.C.. .

;

GFDRR, 2014d

GFDRR (Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery). 2014d,Building Social Resilience of the Poor: Protecting and Empowering Those Most at Risk, Background Paper prepared for the 2015 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction. Geneva, Switzerland: UNISDR..
Click here to view this GAR paper.

). One such example is the Bangladesh Chars Livelihood Programme (CLP)9, in which public works for flood risk reduction are combined with asset transfers (both cash and in kind), market development, livelihoods diversification and a range of social development projects to build the long-term resilience and prosperity of the communities living in the hazard-prone

Figure 9.6 Trends in undernourishment: regional differences

(Source: FAO et al., 2014.)

	191 Food security Food security has improved in recent decades. Since 1990, the global rate of undernourishment has fallen from 18.7 to 11.3 per cent (FAO et al., 2014) and 52 countries have managed to reach the hunger target of the Millennium Development Goals. However, current estimates indicate that more than 800 million people around the world are still chronically undernourished (ibid.), and there are marked differences in progress across regions. Sub-Saharan Africa still has higher rates of undernourishment than other regions, while the situation in West Asia has actually deteriorated (Figure 9.6). This mixture of progress on the one hand and persistent challenges on the other shows that sustained political commitment, together with major investments in risk-sensitive food production and consumption, will be required if global and sustainable food security is to be achieved (UNISDR, 2013a x UNISDR. 2013a,Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction: From Shared Risk to Shared Value: the Business Case for Disaster Risk Reduction, Geneva, Switzerland: UNISDR.. . ; FAO et al., 2014). In light of processes such as ongoing land degradation, dwindling fresh water supplies, loss of biodiversity and climate change, the challenges are likely to increase in the future. Social protection Social protection has received significant support from international aid budgets. For example, the World Bank alone allocated an average annual budget of US$1.72 billion for social protection between 2007 and 2013 and approved 273 projects in 93 countries with a total value of US$12 billion over the same period. There are examples of successful initiatives in prospective disaster risk management that have effectively reduced vulnerability by combining disaster risk management with poverty reduction (UNISDR, 2011a x UNISDR. 2011a,Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction: Revealing Risk, Redefining Development, Geneva, Switzerland: UNISDR.. . ; Arnold et al., 2014 x Arnold, Margaret, Robin Mearns, Kaori Oshima and Vivek Prasad. 2014,Climate and Disaster Resilience: The Role for Community-Driven Development, Social Development Department. The World Bank and GFDRR. Washington, D.C.. . ; GFDRR, 2014d x GFDRR (Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery). 2014d,Building Social Resilience of the Poor: Protecting and Empowering Those Most at Risk, Background Paper prepared for the 2015 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction. Geneva, Switzerland: UNISDR.. Click here to view this GAR paper. ). One such example is the Bangladesh Chars Livelihood Programme (CLP)9, in which public works for flood risk reduction are combined with asset transfers (both cash and in kind), market development, livelihoods diversification and a range of social development projects to build the long-term resilience and prosperity of the communities living in the hazard-prone Figure 9.6 Trends in undernourishment: regional differences (Source: FAO et al., 2014.)	Page 1 Page 10 Page 20 Page 30 Page 40 Page 50 Page 60 Page 70 Page 80 Page 90 Page 100 Page 110 Page 120 Page 130 Page 140 Page 150 Page 160 Page 170 Page 180 Page 181 Page 182 Page 183 Page 184 Page 185 Page 186 Page 187 Page 188 Page 189 Page 190 Page 191 Page 192 ->Page 193 Page 194 Page 195 Page 196 Page 197 Page 198 Page 199 Page 200 Page 201 Page 202 Page 203 Page 204 Page 205 Page 210 Page 220 Page 230 Page 240 Page 250 Page 260 Page 270 Page 280 Page 290 Page 300 Page 310